sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brownish-yellow, and gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brownish-yellow, and gray
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 13, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brownish-yellow, and gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments of sand size. They typically form in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used in construction as a building material, for paving, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones. It is also an important reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater.

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for roughly 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona and the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and near current or ancient riverbeds and coastlines.