sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Usually feels gritty like sandpaper.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or yellowish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Usually feels gritty like sandpaper.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through the lithification of ancient beach, river, or desert sand deposits.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a building material, in the manufacture of glass (if high silica content), and for grinding/sharpening tools historically.
Geological facts
Sandstone can reveal ancient wind patterns and water currents through cross-bedding structures. It is a major reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and visible sand grains. Common in arid regions and along coastlines. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary