sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (typically SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture possible)
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture possible)
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments over millions of years, typically in desert or marine environments.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a construction material, for gritstone/grindstones, and in architectural facade; also significant as a reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it a critical natural filter for subterranean water supplies.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty, sand-like texture; it will feel like sandpaper if rubbed. Common in riverbeds, canyons, and coastal cliffs.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Cone-in-cone structure (Limestone)
Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
sedimentary
Chert Breccia
Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
sedimentary
Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
sedimentary
Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary