sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (predominantly SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed via the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years. This usually occurs in river deltas, beaches, or desert dunes.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material for paving, masonry, and architectural cladding. Historically significant for building monuments and cathedrals.
Geological facts
Sandstone is highly porous, making it an excellent natural filter for groundwater aquifers and a common reservoir for oil and natural gas.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layers of bedding. Found globally in areas with ancient sedimentary basins. Collectors look for specific patterns like Liesegang rings.
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary