sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-based); Color: tan, brown, or yellowish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Sandy/Gritty feel; Cleavage: None.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-based)
Color: tan, brown, or yellowish-brown due to iron oxide
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 5, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-based); Color: tan, brown, or yellowish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Sandy/Gritty feel; Cleavage: None.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains (usually quartz or feldspar) over millions of years in environments like beaches, deserts, or river beds.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in paving, for making grindstones, and as a reservoir rock for petroleum and water in geological formations.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon and the Petra archaeological site are primarily sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct sandpaper-like feel. It is found globally in sedimentary basins. For collectors, look for ripple marks or cross-bedding indicating ancient water currents.