sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale) if quartz-rich; Color: Tan, buff, or light grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale) if quartz-rich
Color: Tan, buff, or light grey
Luster: Dull to earthy

Identified July 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale) if quartz-rich; Color: Tan, buff, or light grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years. Commonly forms in desert, river, or coastal environments.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for building facades and flagstones; also used as a reservoir rock in the petroleum industry and as a common landscaping material.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 10-25% of the sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous formations include the Grand Canyon and the red rocks of Sedona, Arizona.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, abrasive feel similar to sandpaper. It often shows visible layering (bedding). It is found worldwide in sedimentary basins.