sedimentary

Sandstone

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (composed primarily of Quartz, SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None (fractures around grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains)
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified March 8, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None (fractures around grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically formed in ancient river beds, deserts, or coastal environments through lithification over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a construction material (building stone), road base, and as a reservoir rock for petroleum and groundwater because of its porosity.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up approximately 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona, and the Jordan city of Petra are carved into sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (bedding). Found worldwide in basins and canyon walls. Collectors often look for colorful 'picture stone' varieties.