sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, beige, brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified March 31, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed over millions of years by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) in riverbeds, deserts, or ocean floors. Primarily composed of quartz and/or feldspar.

Uses & applications

Widely used for construction, paving stones, architectural facades, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas. Finely ground sandstone is used in glass making.

Geological facts

Sandstone is highly porous and acts as a natural aquifer, filtering and storing groundwater. It has been used for building since prehistoric times, including monuments like Petra and the Egyptian Sphinx.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. It is extremely common in desert environments and near ancient shorelines. Collectors look for unique banding or fossils within the layers.