metamorphic
Schist
Schist (Metamorphic Rock)
Hardness: 3.5-5 (Mohs scale); Color: Grey, silver, tan, or brown with rusty iron staining; Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic due to mica content; Structure: Foliated with visible mineral alignment; Cleavage: Good basal cleavage in individual mineral grains.
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Grey, silver, tan, or brown with rusty iron staining
- Luster
- Pearly to sub-metallic due to mica content
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5-5 (Mohs scale); Color: Grey, silver, tan, or brown with rusty iron staining; Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic due to mica content; Structure: Foliated with visible mineral alignment; Cleavage: Good basal cleavage in individual mineral grains.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of shale or mudstone at medium grades of temperature and pressure. The geological age can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic depending on the mountain-building event.
Uses & applications
Used historically as a building material, for paving stones, and as decorative stone in gardens. Some variations are used for roofing slates or as a source of abrasive garnet.
Geological facts
The word 'schist' is derived from the Greek word 'schizein', which means 'to split', referring to the rock's tendency to split easily along its mineral layers.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct layering and 'sparkle' when held in the sun. It is commonly found in core mountain ranges. Collectors look for accessory minerals like garnet or staurolite within the schist matrix.
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