metamorphic
Serpentine
Antigorite/Lizardite (Mg,Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs), Color: olive green to yellowish-green with dark veins, Luster: waxy to greasy, Crystal structure: monoclinic, specific gravity: 2.5-2.6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs), Color: olive green to yellowish-green with dark veins, Luster: waxy to greasy, Crystal structure: monoclinic, specific gravity: 2.5-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks (serpentinization) in the oceanic crust and mantle, common at tectonic plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Used for carvings, decorative architecture, gemstones (jewelry), and historically as a source of asbestos in some varieties.
Geological facts
Named for its resemblance to the skin of a serpent; it is the official state rock of California and has a unique slippery feel when touched.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive green color, waxy luster, and dark veining. Found in mountain belts like the Appalacians, Rockies, and the Alps.
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