metamorphic

Serpentine

Antigorite, Lizardite, and Chrysotile (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 3-6 Mohs. Color: Olive green to yellow-green. Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky. Crystal Structure: Monoclinic or Orthorhombic. Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.9. Texture: Often feels slippery or soapy.

Hardness: 3-6 Mohs
Color: Olive green to yellow-green
Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky

Identified July 13, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through serpentinization, which is the hydrothermal metamorphism of ultramafic rocks (like peridotite) from the Earth's mantle, typically at tectonic plate boundaries/subduction zones.

Uses & applications

Used for architectural stone (often called 'Verde Antique'), decorative carvings, jewelry (tumbled stones and cabochons), and historically as a source of asbestos.

Geological facts

Serpentine is the state rock of California. It is not a single mineral but a group of minerals that look similar. Its name comes from 'serpentinus' meaning 'resembling a serpent' due to its green mottled appearance.

Field identification & locations

Look for a distinct green color and a waxy luster. It is softer than quartz and can often be scratched with a copper penny or steel blade. Found in mountainous orogenic belts.