metamorphic
Serpentine
Serpentinite (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs), Color: Pale to dark green, Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky, Crystal structure: Monoclinic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.9
Identified More metamorphic →
Explore Serpentine in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs), Color: Pale to dark green, Luster: Waxy, greasy, or silky, Crystal structure: Monoclinic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.9
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rocks (peridotite) from the Earth's mantle, a process called serpentinization, typically occurring at tectonic plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Used for architectural stone (facades, countertops), carving, as a source of magnesium, and occasionally as a source of chrysotile asbestos. Rare translucent varieties are used in jewelry as 'New Jade'.
Geological facts
Serpentine is the official state rock of California. It is often confused with jade but is much softer. The name comes from its green color and scaly appearance, resembling a serpent's skin.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic waxy feel, green color, and soft surface that can often be scratched with a copper coin or knife. Found in mountainous regions near fault lines and subduction zones.
More like this
