metamorphic

Serpentinite

Serpentinite, dominated by serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile), commonly with magnetite and talc

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically mottled green, cream, gray, and black with waxy to greasy luster; hardness about 2.5–4, massive to weakly schistose, with no prominent cleavage. The swirled texture and dark magnetite-rich patches are characteristic.

Identified September 2, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite hydrate during low-temperature metamorphism, producing serpentine minerals; many examples formed in ancient oceanic crust and were later uplifted in ophiolite belts.

Uses & applications

Used as decorative dimension stone, carvings, countertops, and ornamental objects; historically used for sculpture. Chrysotile-bearing material may pose asbestos hazards if fibers are released.

Geological facts

Often called serpent stone because its mottled pattern resembles snakeskin. It commonly occurs with chromite, magnetite, talc, and sometimes jade-like green minerals.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by its green-to-black slick or waxy surface, low hardness, dense massive texture, and possible magnetic response from magnetite. Common in California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and former oceanic plate boundaries.