metamorphic
Serpentinite
Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs). Color: Dark green to greenish-gray, sometimes with waxy or silky luster. Crystal structure: Monoclinic (as minerals like chrysotile or lizardite). Feel: Often soapy or greasy. Texture: Variable, can be fibrous or massive.
- Hardness
- 3-6 (Mohs)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 (Mohs). Color: Dark green to greenish-gray, sometimes with waxy or silky luster. Crystal structure: Monoclinic (as minerals like chrysotile or lizardite). Feel: Often soapy or greasy. Texture: Variable, can be fibrous or massive.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the hydrothermal alteration (serpentinization) of ultramatic rocks from the Earth's mantle, such as peridotite. This typically occurs at tectonic plate boundaries. The location (Antalya region, Turkey) is famous for the Antalya Complex, which contains extensive ophiolites (sections of oceanic crust and mantle).
Uses & applications
Used as an ornamental stone (verde antique), in industrial applications as a source of magnesium, and historically as a heat insulator. High-quality pieces are used for carvings and jewelry.
Geological facts
Serpentinite is the state rock of California. The town of Yanartaş near Antalya (the coordinates provided) features perpetual fires fueled by methane released from the serpentinization process of the local rocks.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its characteristic 'snake-skin' appearance, green color, and waxy feel. It is commonly found in the Taurus Mountains of Turkey. Collectors should look for pieces with interesting patterns or chromite inclusions.
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