sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 staining)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-red, or gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brownish-red, or gray
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-red, or gray; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand-sized). The reddish hue in this specimen suggests iron-oxide (hematite) staining, typically formed in terrestrial or shallow marine environments.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction (building stone/tiles), as a source of silica for glass making, and as a reservoir rock in the petroleum industry.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity and permeability make it an excellent natural aquifer for storing groundwater.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' feel when rubbed. It can be found in deserts, riverbeds, and coastal regions globally. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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