mineral
Specular Hematite (Specularite)
Hematite (Alpha-Fe2O3)
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs. Color: Steel gray to black with a metallic, glittery luster; leaves a cherry-red to reddish-brown streak. Crystal structure: Trigonal (hexagonal). Specific Gravity: 5.26.
- Hardness
- 5
- Color
- Steel gray to black with a metallic, glittery luster
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs. Color: Steel gray to black with a metallic, glittery luster; leaves a cherry-red to reddish-brown streak. Crystal structure: Trigonal (hexagonal). Specific Gravity: 5.26.
Formation & geological history
Formed through hydrothermal or metamorphic processes where iron-rich fluids precipitate or transform minerals. Often found in banded iron formations (BIFs) dating back 1.8 to 2.4 billion years.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of iron; also used as an abrasive, pigment, and in costume jewelry or as decorative 'sparkling' display specimens for collectors.
Geological facts
Specularite consists of thousands of tiny, mirror-like mica-looking flakes of hematite. Despite its brilliant metallic silver color, it will always leave a rust-red streak on a porcelain plate, identifying it as iron oxide.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct 'glitter' effect (schiller), high density/weight for its size, and the characteristic red streak. Commonly found in Michigan (USA), Brazil, and South Africa.
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