sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs), Color: Tan/Brown/Reddish, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs), Color: Tan/Brown/Reddish, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in deserts, riverbeds, or coastal environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material for buildings and pavers, in glass manufacturing (if high silica content), and as an artistic medium for sculpture.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth and is a primary reservoir for underground water (aquifers) and petroleum due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (bedding). Found worldwide in sedimentary basins and arid regions.
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