Red Jasper

Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91

Formed through the deposition of silica-rich sediments in ancient underwater environments, often in association with volcanic activity. The red color is derived from iron oxides (hematite) that seeped into the silica during formation. These specimens can range in age from hundreds of millions to billions of years (Proterozoic to Mesozoic).

Used extensively in jewelry (beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings, and home decor. Historically used for seals and amulets. It is also a popular stone for lapidary collectors and practitioners of crystal healing.

Red jasper was known as the 'mother of all stones' in some ancient cultures and was used in the Breastplate of the High Priest in Biblical times. It is famously durable, maintaining its polish and color for centuries, as seen in ancient Egyptian artifacts.

Identify in the field by its opaque brick-red color, extreme hardness (it will scratch glass), and lack of transparency even when held to light. Found globally with major deposits in India, Brazil, Madagascar, and the USA (southwest states). Collectors look for uniform color or interesting patterns like 'Brecciated Jasper'.