sedimentary
Travertine (Tufa)
Travertine (Aragonite/Calcite form of Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: White, cream, tan; Luster: Dull to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal or Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.7; Pitted or vesicular texture.
- Hardness
- 3-4 (Mohs)
- Color
- White, cream, tan
- Luster
- Dull to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: White, cream, tan; Luster: Dull to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal or Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.7; Pitted or vesicular texture.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid precipitation of calcium carbonate, often at the mouth of a hot spring or in a limestone cave. The porous texture suggests it may be the 'Tufa' variety, which forms in ambient temperature waters with high organic content.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a building material, floor tiling, wall cladding, and for decorative garden ornaments.
Geological facts
Travertine is the material used to build the Colosseum in Rome. The location provided in Jalisco, Mexico (near Zapopan/Guadalajara) is known for geothermal activity and volcanic landscapes where carbonate precipitation is common.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its porous, pitted surface and its reaction (fizzing) when exposed to a drop of weak acid (vinegar). It reflects the local hydrothermal history. Common in areas with limestone bedrock and thermal springs.
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