Rock Identifier
Tumbled amethyst and likely smoky quartz inclusion specimen (Amethyst: purple quartz, SiO₂; left stone appears quartz-rich with brown iron-oxide inclusions, possibly “garden quartz” or included smoky quartz) — mineral
mineral

Tumbled amethyst and likely smoky quartz inclusion specimen

Amethyst: purple quartz, SiO₂; left stone appears quartz-rich with brown iron-oxide inclusions, possibly “garden quartz” or included smoky quartz

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Amethyst has Mohs hardness 7, vitreous luster, hexagonal quartz structure, and no cleavage; its purple color comes from iron-related defects and irradiation. The left piece is translucent gray-brown with fibrous or dendritic inclusions and a polished surface.

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Physical properties

Amethyst has Mohs hardness 7, vitreous luster, hexagonal quartz structure, and no cleavage; its purple color comes from iron-related defects and irradiation. The left piece is translucent gray-brown with fibrous or dendritic inclusions and a polished surface.

Formation & geological history

Quartz crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal fluids in cavities of volcanic rocks, commonly during the Mesozoic or younger; iron inclusions and later oxidation create the colors and patterns. Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Madagascar.

Uses & applications

Used as inexpensive jewelry, ornamental stone, carvings, and mineral specimens. Polished cabochons such as these are popular for pendants and collecting.

Geological facts

Amethyst is the purple variety of quartz and is February’s birthstone; heating can turn it yellow-orange, producing citrine-like material.

Field identification & locations

Identify amethyst by its purple coloration, glassy luster, hardness, and lack of cleavage; quartz will scratch glass but not be scratched by a steel knife. Value depends strongly on color saturation, transparency, pattern, and polish.