mineral
Tumbled Carnelian
Carnelian (Var. of Chalcedony, SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Orange to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Texture: Smooth, cryptocrystalline; Cleavage: None
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Orange to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Orange to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Texture: Smooth, cryptocrystalline; Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed by the deposition of silica in gas cavities of volcanic rocks; color is due to iron oxide impurities. Found in many geological ages from volcanic provinces.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in jewelry, lapidary art, beads, and as a popular pocket stone for collectors.
Geological facts
Carnelian was used by ancient Egyptians in talismans and by Romans to make seal rings as hot wax does not stick to it.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its translucent orange hue and waxy surface. Commonly found in Brazil, India, and Madagascar. Look for consistent orange color without distinct banding.
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