mineral

Turquoise (Dyed Howlite/Magnesite)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Natural Turquoise) or Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5 (Howlite)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5-6 (Natural) or 3.5 (Howlite); Color: Sky blue to green; Luster: Waxy to subvitreous; Crystal Structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: None

Hardness: 5-6 (Natural) or 3
Color: Sky blue to green
Luster: Waxy to subvitreous

Identified June 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5-6 (Natural) or 3.5 (Howlite); Color: Sky blue to green; Luster: Waxy to subvitreous; Crystal Structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: None

Formation & geological history

Formed by the percolation of acidic aqueous solutions through preexisting minerals in dry climates, often associated with copper deposits and volcanic rock.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as a popular collector's gemstone due to its vibrant color.

Geological facts

Turquoise is one of the oldest known gemstones, used by ancient Egyptian pharaohs and Aztec kings. Much of the commercial 'turquoise' today is actually dyed howlite or magnesite.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct blue-green color and vein-like matrix. Collectors should check for dye by rubbing with acetone or checking for a white interior if the stone is chipped.