mineral
Turquoise (possible Howlite imitation)
Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)
Hardness: 5-6 Mohs. Color: Sky blue to green with dark spider-web matrix. Luster: Waxy to subvitreous. Crystal Structure: Triclinic (usually cryptocrystalline). Cleavage: Perfect (rarely seen).
- Hardness
- 5-6 Mohs
- Color
- Sky blue to green with dark spider-web matrix
- Luster
- Waxy to subvitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-6 Mohs. Color: Sky blue to green with dark spider-web matrix. Luster: Waxy to subvitreous. Crystal Structure: Triclinic (usually cryptocrystalline). Cleavage: Perfect (rarely seen).
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zone of copper deposits, typically in arid climates through the action of percolating acidic solutions.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry, decorative carvings, and inlay work. Highly valued in Native American and Persian cultural artifacts.
Geological facts
Turquoise was one of the first gemstones to be mined; ancient Egyptians were mining it in the Sinai Peninsula as early as 3000 BCE.
Field identification & locations
Identification includes checking for 'spider-web' matrix patterns. Note: This specific rectangular bead frequently resembles dyed Howlite or Magnesite, common imitation materials used in beadwork.
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