igneous

Granite

Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-grey, white, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Pinkish-grey, white, and black
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified February 19, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of silica-rich magma deep underground (intrusive). They can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic era, found primarily in continental crust mountain belts.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and as a dimension stone for monuments and building facades.

Geological facts

Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. Famous landmarks like Mount Rushmore and Yosemite's Half Dome are carved or formed from massive granite batholiths.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance with visible crystals of quartz (clear), feldspar (pink/white), and mica (black flakes); found globally in shield areas and mountain ranges.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous