sedimentary
Travertine
Terrestrial Sedimentary Rock (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3-4 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, creme, or rust; Luster: Dull to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Pitted surface with small cavities (vugs); Specific Gravity: 2.4-2.7.
- Hardness
- 3-4 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, creme, or rust
- Luster
- Dull to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, creme, or rust; Luster: Dull to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Pitted surface with small cavities (vugs); Specific Gravity: 2.4-2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid precipitation of calcium carbonate from mineral springs, particularly hot springs. It often occurs as a result of the cooling of waters and the release of carbon dioxide. It can range in age from modern day to millions of years old based on the geothermal activity of the region.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for flooring, wall cladding, and paving. Highly valued as a decorative building stone since the Roman Empire. Used in sculpture, countertops, and landscaping.
Geological facts
The Colosseum in Rome is built primarily of travertine. It is a form of limestone but is distinct because it forms in terrestrial rather than marine environments. The pits in the stone are caused by gas bubbles being trapped during formation.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its porous, pitted texture and banding. It will react and bubble (effervesce) if a weak acid like vinegar is applied. Commonly found near active or extinct geothermal areas such as Yellowstone (USA), Pamukkale (Turkey), and Tivoli (Italy).
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