Unakite

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz), Color: Predominantly dark green (epidote) with reddish-pink (feldspar), Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal structure: Granular with visible crystals of varying sizes, Cleavage: None (rock), Specific Gravity: Approximately 2.7-3.4

Unakite is formed from metamorphosed granite, specifically through hydrothermal alteration. This process involves hot, mineral-rich fluids permeating the granite, altering some of its original minerals into epidote and feldspar. Its geological age is variable depending on the parent granite, but it is typically found in ancient mountain ranges. It forms in continental collision zones where granite undergoes regional metamorphism.

Unakite is primarily used as an ornamental stone. It is popular for cabochons, beads, small carvings, and polished display pieces in the lapidary and jewelry industries. It is also used in decorative architectural applications and for philosophical practices.

Unakite is considered a beneficial stone by some, believed to balance emotions, and facilitate rebirth and spiritual growth. It's named after the Unakas Mountains in North Carolina, USA, where it was first discovered. The green epidote gives it a distinctive 'mossy' appearance.

To identify Unakite in the field, look for its distinctive speckled appearance of green (epidote) and pink/red (orthoclase feldspar), often with some clear quartz. It is commonly found in the United States (North Carolina, Virginia), South Africa, Sierra Leone, Brazil, and China. Collectors look for pieces with a good balance of contrasting colors and interesting patterns. It can be found in stream beds as tumbled pebbles, or in rock formations where granite has undergone the necessary alteration.