sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale); Color: Tan, orange, reddish-brown (indicated by iron oxidation); Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized mineral grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale)
Color: Tan, orange, reddish-brown (indicated by iron oxidation)
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 6, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clasts). The orange-red hue suggests deposition in a terrestrial or oxidizing environment, likely from the Paleozoic or Mesozoic eras.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction for building stone, paving, and decorative landscaping. High-quality sandstones are used for glass manufacturing and water filtration systems.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations of the American Southwest, such as those in the Grand Canyon and Zion National Park, are primarily ferruginous sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'gritty' feel, similar to sandpaper, and visible grain layers. Often found in desert environments, riverbeds, and ancient marine basins. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding or fossil inclusions.

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