sedimentary

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Iron-rich)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown due to iron oxide (hematite); Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of mineral particles); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Reddish-brown due to iron oxide (hematite)
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified June 14, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown due to iron oxide (hematite); Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of mineral particles); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, cemented together by pressure and silica/iron oxide over millions of years. Often found in ancient desert or riverbed environments.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building stone (brownstone), paving material, and sometimes as a source for glass sand or artistic sculpture.

Geological facts

The red color comes from the oxidation of iron minerals within the rock, essentially the rock 'rusting' over geological time. It is a major component of the Grand Canyon and the Red Rocks of Sedona.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and eroded riverbeds. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding patterns.