sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite with Iron Oxide (Hematite) cement
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Reddish-brown to orange, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic texture, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Reddish-brown to orange, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic texture, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. The red color indicates formation in oxidizing conditions where iron minerals rusted over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for building facades, paving stones, and landscaping. Historically significant as a material for temples and monuments.
Geological facts
The famous red cliffs of the Grand Canyon and the 'Red Rocks' of Colorado are primarily composed of layered sandstone. It is a major reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Often displays bedding planes or cross-bedding. Found globally in basins and near continental margins.
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