igneous

Granite

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Mottled grey, white, black, and pink; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained) crystalline; Cleavage: None (individual minerals like mica may have it); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Mottled grey, white, black, and pink
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified May 21, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma below the Earth\'s surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crust and can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic in age.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction, countertops, monuments, paving stones, and as crushed stone for road base and railroad ballast.

Geological facts

Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth\'s surface and makes up a significant portion of the continental crust. It contains at least 20% quartz by volume.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' appearance of quartz, feldspar, and dark minerals (micas/amphiboles). Extremely common in mountain ranges and glacial deposits. Very durable and resistant to scratching.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous