sedimentary
Travertine
Terrestrial Sedimentary Form of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, brown, and cream; Luster: Dull to pearly; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/trigonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 2.71
- Hardness
- 3-4 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Tan, beige, brown, and cream
- Luster
- Dull to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, brown, and cream; Luster: Dull to pearly; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/trigonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 2.71
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid precipitation of calcium carbonate, often at the mouth of hot springs or in limestone caves. It is a biochemical or chemical sedimentary rock. Geological age varies greatly from Holocene to Paleozoic depending on the deposit site.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material for flooring, wall cladding, and counter tops. Also used in sculpture and as an ornamental outdoor paving stone.
Geological facts
The Roman Colosseum is the largest building in the world constructed mostly of travertine. Its name originates from the Tiber river in Italy (Lapis Tiburtinus).
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic banded appearance and 'pockmarked' holes caused by trapped gas bubbles during formation. It will effervesce (fizz) when exposed to a weak acid like vinegar. Commonly found in Italy, Turkey, and Yellowstone National Park, USA.
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