igneous
Vesicular Basalt (or Scoria)
Extrusive mafic igneous rock
Hardness: 5-6 (Mohs); Color: Dark grey to black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Vesicular (contains gas bubbles/holes); Specific Gravity: 2.8-3.0
- Hardness
- 5-6 (Mohs)
- Color
- Dark grey to black
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
Identified More igneous →
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-6 (Mohs); Color: Dark grey to black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Vesicular (contains gas bubbles/holes); Specific Gravity: 2.8-3.0
Formation & geological history
Formed from the rapid cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich lava at the earth's surface. The holes (vesicles) are created by trapped gas bubbles during solidification.
Uses & applications
Used in landscaping, construction (as aggregate), drainage systems, and as scouring stones in beauty products (pumice-like style).
Geological facts
Basalt is the most common rock type in the earth's crust and makes up most of the ocean floor. It is also found in abundance on the Moon and Mars.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dark color, heavy weight compared to light pumice, and the presence of small pits or holes. Commonly found in volcanic regions like Hawaii, Iceland, and the Pacific Northwest.
