sedimentary
Sandstone (Yellow/Siltstone variant)
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellow, light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, yellow, light brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellow, light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Over millions of years, pressure and minerals like silica or calcium carbonate cement the grains together in riverbeds, deserts, or marine environments.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used as a construction material (flagstone, pavers) and in glass manufacturing or as a filter medium. Historically used for grindstones and sculpture.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for roughly 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is a major reservoir for water (aquifers) and oil/gas due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layers or bedding planes. It is commonly found in canyon regions, cliffs, and dry riverbeds.
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