igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Igneous Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (white, grey, and black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (visible interlocking crystals); Cleavage: None (fractures)
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white, grey, and black)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (white, grey, and black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (visible interlocking crystals); Cleavage: None (fractures)
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Formed across various geological ages, often in continental crust arcs.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability.
Geological facts
Granite is the primary component of the Earth's continental crust. Its name comes from the Latin 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to its coarse-grained structure.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals. Common in mountain ranges and glaciated areas as river pebbles.
