gemstone

White Buffalo Turquoise (or White Buffalo Stone/Howlite/Magnesite)

Calcite/Dolomite with Chert/Flint (Often mislabeled as Turquoise, true White Buffalo is a mix of chalcedony and calcite/dolomite)

Hardness varies from 3.5 to 7 depending on specific composition, color is striking stark white with irregular black matrices, luster is vitreous to dull.

Identified July 11, 2026More gemstone →

Explore White Buffalo Turquoise (or White Buffalo Stone/Howlite/Magnesite) in the encyclopedia →

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Physical properties

Hardness varies from 3.5 to 7 depending on specific composition, color is striking stark white with irregular black matrices, luster is vitreous to dull.

Formation & geological history

Formed in veins and nodules within sedimentary rocks where hydrothermal fluids deposited calcium carbonate and silica. Often found in specific mines like the Otteson mine near Tonopah, Nevada.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in Southwestern Native American-style jewelry (like rings, cuffs, and pendants) set in sterling silver.

Geological facts

Despite being called 'White Turquoise', true turquoise contains copper and aluminum which gives it a blue/green color; therefore, a pure white stone cannot chemically be turquoise. 'White Buffalo' is a trade name.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its vivid white background contrasting sharply with deep black chert inclusions. It is distinct from Howlite, which tends to be more gray/white with web-like gray matrices rather than stark black spots.

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