sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Mohs hardness: 6-7, Color: Reddish-brown to tan/grey, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular grain texture, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified May 30, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness: 6-7, Color: Reddish-brown to tan/grey, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular grain texture, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed over millions of years by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. The grains are cemented together by minerals like silica or calcium carbonate.

Uses & applications

Extensively used as a building material, paving stone, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones. Significant in the oil and gas industry as a reservoir rock.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The iconic red landscapes of the American Southwest, like Antelope Canyon, are formed from types of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its gritty feel like sandpaper and visible sand grains. Commonly found in sedimentary basins and plateaus worldwide. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.