Sandstone

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, yellow, or gold; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular/Sand-like; Structure: Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains, typically quartz and feldspar, in environments like beaches, deserts, and riverbeds over millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in construction as building stone, pavers, and crushed stone. Also used as a material for glass making and as a natural abrasive.

Geological Facts

Sandstone formations like those in the Grand Canyon record millions of years of Earth's history. It can serve as a primary aquifer for groundwater or a reservoir for petroleum.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible individual grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and eroded riverbeds globally.

Identified on: 5/3/2026

Mode: Standard