sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, yellow, or gold; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular/Sand-like; Structure: Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, yellow, or gold
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, yellow, or gold; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular/Sand-like; Structure: Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains, typically quartz and feldspar, in environments like beaches, deserts, and riverbeds over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as building stone, pavers, and crushed stone. Also used as a material for glass making and as a natural abrasive.
Geological facts
Sandstone formations like those in the Grand Canyon record millions of years of Earth's history. It can serve as a primary aquifer for groundwater or a reservoir for petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible individual grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and eroded riverbeds globally.
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