sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (mostly SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or gray; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/granular; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or gray
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified May 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or gray; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/granular; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in desert, river, or ocean environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in construction for building stone, paving, and monuments; also used in glass manufacturing if silica content is high.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon and Jordan's city of Petra are made of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. It is extremely common globally and can be found near ancient coastlines or dry riverbeds.