sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, ochre with iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, fine to medium grain; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Tan, brown, ochre with iron oxide staining
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified May 25, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, ochre with iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, fine to medium grain; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments. This specimen shows significant rounding from water erosion (fluvial transport).

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in the manufacture of glass (if high quartz purity), for paving stones, and in grinding tools historically.

Geological facts

Sandstone contains a record of Earth's past environments; the iron oxide (rust) visible on the surface gives it the yellowish-brown tint. It is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth's crust.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. This water-worn pebble is easily found in riverbeds or glacial tills. It can be distinguished from limestone by its lack of reaction to dilute acid.