sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartz-rich)
Clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 primary)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. This specimen appears water-worn, likely tumbled in a river or glacial environment over thousands to millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction as a building material, road base, or decorative garden stone. Pure quartz sandstones are used in glass making and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It often contains fossil records and preserves ancient environmental structures like ripple marks or cross-bedding.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and the visible tiny grains. It often appears in stratified layers. Common in riverbeds, deserts, and coastal areas worldwide.
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