sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose Sandstone)
Sandstone (SiO2 with various trace minerals)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. This specific rounded specimen suggests transport and erosion in a river or marine environment.
Uses & applications
Used in construction as a building stone, in the glass industry as a source of silica, and as a common material for decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone can serve as a massive aquifer or reservoir for petroleum and natural gas because of its porous nature. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon are composed primarily of varied sandstone layers.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Found globally in basins and near current or ancient water bodies. It is a fundamental rock for learning stratigraphy.
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