igneous

Granite

Plutonic felsic igneous rock

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible interlocking crystals); Cleavage: Uneven fracture.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Mottled salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink)
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified April 7, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. It is a coarse-grained intrusive rock that can range from millions to billions of years old, often found in continental crust.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as a dimension stone for architectural facades.

Geological facts

Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. It makes up the core of many mountain ranges and is incredibly durable, resisting weathering for centuries.

Field identification & locations

Look for a salt-and-pepper appearance with square or rectangular crystals of feldspar and translucent gray quartz. Found in massive outcroppings or as loose boulders in glaciated or eroded terrain.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous