sedimentary
Sandstone with Quartz Veins
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 staining)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown or tan earthy matrix with white veins; Luster: Dull/earthy for the matrix, vitreous for the veins; Crystal Structure: Clastic earthy mass with crystalline vein fill; Specific Gravity: 2.2–2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Reddish-brown or tan earthy matrix with white veins
- Luster
- Dull/earthy for the matrix, vitreous for the veins
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown or tan earthy matrix with white veins; Luster: Dull/earthy for the matrix, vitreous for the veins; Crystal Structure: Clastic earthy mass with crystalline vein fill; Specific Gravity: 2.2–2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The reddish hue indicates iron oxide (hematite) staining. The white veins are secondary hydrothermal quartz deposits or calcite that filled fractures in the rock after its initial lithification.
Uses & applications
Common sandstone is used widely in construction (aggregate, paving, building facades). Veined specimens are often kept by amateur collectors for educational purposes or used as decorative garden stones.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The presence of veins indicates 'brittle deformation' where the rock cracked under pressure and mineral-rich fluids flowed through the cracks to 'heal' them.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its grainy, sandpaper-like texture and its ability to scratch glass if high in silica. Found globally in riverbeds, beaches, and desert outcrops. For collectors, look for high color contrast between the host rock and the veins.
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