sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzite-rich)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, grey, or brownish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, grey, or brownish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, grey, or brownish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in riverbeds, beaches, or deserts. This specific specimen has been water-worn into a smooth river pebble shape over hundreds to thousands of years.
Uses & applications
Used in construction as a building material, in the glass industry (if high silica content), and frequently as decorative landscaping stones or river rock.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It acts as a primary aquifer, storing significant amounts of groundwater and oil due to its inherent porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel (even when smooth) and visible granular texture. Commonly found in riverbeds, coastal areas, and ancient sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for colorful banding or fossil inclusions.
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