mineral
Yellow Ochre / Limonite
FeO(OH)·nH2O (Hydrated Iron Oxide Mix)
Hardness: 4 to 5.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Yellowish-brown to orange-brown; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal Structure: Amorphous or microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.7 to 4.3.
- Hardness
- 4 to 5
- Color
- Yellowish-brown to orange-brown
- Luster
- Dull to earthy
Identified More mineral →
Explore Yellow Ochre / Limonite in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness: 4 to 5.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Yellowish-brown to orange-brown; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal Structure: Amorphous or microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.7 to 4.3.
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary product through the oxidation and weathering of iron-rich mineral ores (like pyrite or magnetite) in oxygenated zones of the earth's crust.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a natural pigment in paints and dyes; historically used in cave paintings and cosmetics. Also serves as a minor iron ore.
Geological facts
Ochre is one of the oldest pigments used by humans, with evidence of its use in prehistoric ritual and art dating back over 70,000 years in sites like Blombos Cave.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic earthy yellow streak and soil-like appearance. It is commonly found in bog deposits or as a weathering crust on iron-bearing rocks. Collectors find it near old mines.
More like this
Other mineral specimens
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous