mineral

Yellow Sapphire (Raw)

Corundum (Al2O3)

Hardness: 9 on Mohs scale; Color: Honey yellow to amber; Luster: Vitreous to adamantine; Crystal system: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Specific gravity: 3.98-4.06; Conchoidal fracture

Hardness: 9 on Mohs scale
Color: Honey yellow to amber
Luster: Vitreous to adamantine

Identified July 1, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 9 on Mohs scale; Color: Honey yellow to amber; Luster: Vitreous to adamantine; Crystal system: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Specific gravity: 3.98-4.06; Conchoidal fracture

Formation & geological history

Formed in metamorphic rocks seperti marble or schist, and igneous rocks like syenite or pegmatite. Yellow color is often caused by trace amounts of Iron (Fe). Found frequently in alluvial deposits.

Uses & applications

Gemstone for jewelry (faceted or cabochon), industrial abrasives due to extreme hardness, and high-quality watch crystals or optical components.

Geological facts

Sapphire is the second hardest natural mineral known to man, after diamond. Yellow sapphires are often associated with wealth and wisdom in Vedic astrology.

Field identification & locations

Check for high density (heaviness) and the ability to scratch almost any other mineral except diamond. Commonly found in Sri Lanka, Madagascar, and Tanzania. Look for the distinct hexagonal crystal habits.