
metamorphic
Yellow serpentine beads (likely processed serpentine)
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite/lizardite; approximate formula Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically olive-yellow to greenish yellow with waxy to greasy luster, Mohs hardness 2.5–4, poor cleavage, and fine-grained or fibrous crystal structure; specific gravity about 2.5–2.6. The rounded, drilled, polished forms indicate jewelry processing.
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Physical properties
Typically olive-yellow to greenish yellow with waxy to greasy luster, Mohs hardness 2.5–4, poor cleavage, and fine-grained or fibrous crystal structure; specific gravity about 2.5–2.6. The rounded, drilled, polished forms indicate jewelry processing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic rocks such as peridotite undergo hydration and metamorphism, commonly in oceanic lithosphere and fault zones; alteration can range from Precambrian to modern geological settings. Exact locality and age cannot be determined from the image.
Uses & applications
Used for beads, carvings, ornamental objects, and low-cost jewelry; massive serpentine is also used decoratively as a marble substitute. Avoid prolonged contact with acids and high heat, which can dull or damage the polish.
Geological facts
Yellow coloration may result from iron-bearing serpentine or surface staining; dark web-like patterns can reflect magnetite, chromite, or alteration veins. Serpentine is the state rock of California.
Field identification & locations
Identify by low hardness, waxy feel, lightweight appearance, and yellow-green color; it can be scratched by a steel knife and is generally softer than jade. Common sources include Italy, China, New Zealand, Canada, California, and Afghanistan.
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