sedimentary
Sandstone (with Chert/Quartzite)
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellow, brown, and grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, yellow, brown, and grey
- Luster
- Dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellow, brown, and grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed via the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clasts) such as quartz. High iron oxide content causes the yellowish-brown coloration. Often found in riverbeds or coastal environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, decorative landscaping stone, and in the production of glass or concrete.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. This specific specimen shows signs of water-smoothing, likely from a fluvial (river) environment.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and its ability to scratch glass if quartz-rich. Look for layered structures or rounded 'water-worn' shapes in gravel pits or creek beds.
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