sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains)
Color: Tan, beige, or light brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years in environments like beaches, deserts, or riverbeds.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in construction as a building material, for paving, in the manufacture of glass (if high quartz content), and as a decorative stone.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Treasury at Petra and the Grand Canyon are composed largely of sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' texture and visible mineral grains. It often feels gritty to the touch and can sometimes be broken or scratched with a harder tool to reveal individual sand grains. Commonly found in sedimentary basins worldwide.