sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, grey, or yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale)
Color: Tan, beige, grey, or yellowish
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified March 25, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, grey, or yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. These deposits typically occur in river deltas, beaches, or desert dunes over millions of years (Paleozoic to Cenozoic eras).

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction as a building material, paving stones, and for manufacturing glass (if high silica content). Also used for artistic sculptures and sharpening stones.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous monuments like the Treasury at Petra and the Red Fort in Delhi are carved entirely from sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Often found in areas with exposed cliff faces or riverbeds. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.